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Political System of Great Britain. Political system of great britain реферат
The political system of Great Britain | Рефераты и сочинения
The political system of Great BritainGreat Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. It means that there is a Queen (or King) and the Parliament. The Queen has almost no power in the country. Her powers are limited by the Parliament. Laws are made by the Parliament.The Queen is only a formal ruler: she reigns but does not rule. In fact everything that she does is done on the active of her ministers, who are responsible for the royal acts. Thus, most of her functions are symbolic. The United Kingdom is governed by Her majesty’s Government in the name of the Queen. But the Queen has all information, has the right to encourage and the right to warn. The Queen’s residence in London is Buckingham Palace. Besides, she has some homes in England and Scotland.The British Parliament consists of two cambers: the House if Lords and the House of Commons. There are more than 1000 members in the House of Lords. Many seats are hereditary.The House of Commons has 635 members. They are elected by a general election (secret ballot).Any member may introduce a Bill and ask permission to bring it to the House for the first reading. After the third time reading the Bill goes to the House of Lords. If the Lords agree to a Bill, it will be placed before the Queen for signature.The government is headed by the Prime Minister, who is the leader of the party that has won the election.In Great Britain there are three main political parties: the Conservatives, the Labour Party and the Liberals.Chamber – палатаСписок литературыДля подготовки данной работы были использованы материалы с сайта http://bazamstu.dax.ru/
The study of political discourse, like that of other areas of discourse analysis, covers a broad range of subject matter, and draws on a wide range of analytic methods. Perhaps more than with other areas of discourse, however, one needs at the outset to consider the reflexive and potentially ambiguous nature of the term political discourse. The term is suggestive of at least two possibilities: first, a discourse which is itself.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
1.Society is a system of relations. Public relations - is varied relationships that arise between people in the course of their activities in various spheres of public life. Public relations can be classified according to their object, subject and nature of relations between them. The nature distinguish, for example, and neantahonistychni antagonistic relationship. In the basis of the first lie, antagonistic contradictions such as that can only be resolved by the destruction of both or even one of them. Neantahonistychni contradictions underlying neantahonistychnyh relations are solved without destroying the parties.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
2.In Greek democracy means "government by the people" (demos - people, cratos - power). A more detailed definition of democracy, which became a classic, was given to U.S. President A. Lincoln in his famous speech hetysburskiy (1863): rule of the people, chosen people and for the people. However, despite evidence of the interpretation of democracy as a democracy, there are several problems that belong to the contents and functioning democracy. These issues raise serious dispute, as reflected in the emergence.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
3.Political power is one of the most important of its kind. When political power see the real potential of a state, group, individual exercise their will in politics and legal norms. It is characterized by social domination and control of certain states, social groups and others. Last possess means of physical, economic, psychological coercion sanctioned system of ideological and legal norms.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
4.Conditions of reforming of all education system the question of the world assistance to improvement of quality of scientific theoretical aspect of educational process is especially actually put. As President I.A. Karimov has declared in the program speech "Harmoniously development of generation a basis of progress of Uzbekistan": … all of us realize that achievement of great purposes put today before us noble aspirations.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
5.The National Health Service is under the control of the Minister of Health, who is advised by a central health services council made up of 41 persons, 35 of whom are appointed by the Minister himself, selected from the various groups dealing with the care of the sick. The NHS is administered by the civil servants of Whitehall-this is important to remember-and it is divided into three sections. The first one is the hospital services, the second is the medical practice services and the third is public health.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
6.Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of English gives the following definition of education: “A process of teaching, training and learning, especially in schools or colleges, to improve knowledge and developing skills”. To serve their citizens and help the country prosper all countries in the world without exception provide public education to children and teenagers as one of its main goals is to prepare students for productive citizenship, work and adult life. All this makes the notion of education universal while each country has its own system of education determined by its history, political system, culture.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
7.The UK is a land made up of many regions, each with a special character and cultural heritage. There are non-stop cities; festivals of music, theatre, literature and the arts; and regional countryside with rolling hills, dramatic cliffs, ancient forests, rugged mountains and tranquil lakes. There are also wonderful islands to visit including the extraordinary range of the Scottish Islands, the Isle of Man, Anglesey, the Scilly Isles, the Isle of Wight and the Channel Islands. They have different traditional cultures, delightful scenery and offer many habitats for wildlife.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
8.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland since 1922 includes England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and a lot of smaller islands. British Isles are a group of islands lying off the north-west of Europe. England, Wales and Scotland are in Great Britain. Northern Ireland is situated in the north-eastern part of Ireland. The larger part of Ireland is the Irish Republic. "Britania" is the ancient name of Britain.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
9.In contemporary semantics a broad distinction is drawn between denotation (referential) approach and language-intrinsic (or language-immanent) approach. This distinction follows from the opposition of two aspects of meaning: denotation and sense. As a rule the analysis of denotation results in the description of specific properties of extralinguistic objects denoted by a word (e.g. B. Pottier’s analysis of the field siege (chaise, fauteuil, tabouret, canape, pouf – chair, armchair, stool, sofa, pouf) is known to result in the.Рефераты → Иностранные языки и языкознание
10.www.referat-sochinenie.ru
Political System of Great Britain
Сочинение на тему «Политическая система Великобритании» на английском языке с переводом на русский язык
Political System of Great Britain
Политическая система Великобритании
Great Britain is a country with developed economy and complicated administrative structure; therefore, it requires well-organized political system. England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland coexist in The United Kingdom as autonomy subjects, but remain subordinated to the central power.
Великобритания – страна с развитой экономикой и сложной административной структурой; поэтому она требует хорошо организованной политической системы. Англия, Шотландия, Уэльс и Северная Ирландия сосуществуют в Соединённом Королевстве как автономные субъекты, но остаются подчинёнными центральной власти.
The head of the state is the monarch owing inherited power, limited by the Parliament and the law. Sometimes, the monarch is thought to be just a traditional symbol but he or she rules all the branches of power and presents the country in the international political arena. The monarch can appoint ministers, dissolve the Parliament, declare and stop a war. Besides, the monarch officially governs the Commonwealth of Nations including former British colonies.
Глава государства – монарх, обладающий наследственной властью, ограниченной Парламентом и законом. Иногда монарх считается лишь традиционным символом, но он или она управляет всеми ветвями власти и представляет страну на международной политической арене. Монарх может назначать министров, распускать Парламент, объявлять и прекращать войну. Кроме того, монарх официально руководит Содружеством Наций, включающим бывшие британские колонии.
The legislative power is performed by the Parliament consisting of two parts: House of Lords (Lords of the senior clergy and secular Lords – peers) and House of Commons. Members of House of Commons are elected democratically for five years, while members of House of Lords keep this status constantly. Parliamentary debates and adoption of laws are strictly regulated. All the bills must get the monarch’s approval to become laws.
Законодательная власть осуществляется Парламентом, состоящим из двух частей: Палаты лордов (лорды высшего духовенства и светские лорды – пэры) и Палаты общин. Члены Палаты общин демократически избираются сроком на пять лет, тогда как члены Палаты лордов сохраняют этот статус постоянно. Парламентские дебаты и принятие законов строго регламентированы. Чтобы стать законами, все законопроекты должны получить одобрение монарха.
The Government has the executive power. The monarch appoints Prime Minister according to the opinion of members of House of Commons; usually, this person is a leader of a party having the majority of seats. Then Prime Minister chooses the Cabinet, responsible for its actions in financial, social, military, cultural spheres to the monarch and to House of Commons.
Правительство обладает исполнительной властью. Монарх назначает Премьер-министра в соответствии с мнением членов Палаты общин; обычно этот человек – лидер партии, имеющей большинство мест. Затем Премьер-министр выбирает Кабинет, ответственный за свои действия в финансовой, социальной, военной, культурной сферах перед монархом и перед Палатой общин.
British judicial power is realized in numerous courts functioning in the case law legal system. The highest judicial instance is the Supreme Court.
Британская судебная власть реализуется в многочисленных судах, функционирующих по прецедентной системе права. Высшей юридической инстанцией является Верховный суд.
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Английский ( Топики/Сочинения ): Political System of Great Britain - Политическая система Великобритании (2)
Political System of Great Britain (2)
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the sovereign reigns but does not rule. Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws. Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power. The monarch serves formally as head of state. But the monarch is expected to be politically neutral and should not make political decisions. The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. She was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. There are 650 of them in the House of Commons. They are elected by secret ballot. General elections are held every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies. All citizens, aged 18 and registered in a constituency, have the right to vote. But voting is not compulsory in Britain. Only persons convicted of corrupt and certain mentally ill patients don't take part in voting. There are few political parties in Britain thanks to the British electoral system. The main ones are: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal / Social Democratic Alliance. Each political party puts up one candidate for each constituency. The one who wins the most votes is elected MP for that area. The party which wins the most seats in Parliament forms the Government. Its leader becomes the Prime Minister. His first job is to choose his Cabinet. The Prime Minister usually takes policy decisions with the agreement of the Cabinet. The functions of the House of Commons are legislation and scrutiny of government activities. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker. The Speaker is appointed by the Government. The House of Lords comprises about 1,200 peers. It is presided by the Lord Chancellor. The House of Lords has no real power. It acts rather as an advisory council.It's in the House of Commons that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favour of a bill, it goes to the House of Lords to be debated. The House of Lords has the right to reject a new bill twice. But after two rejections they are obliged to accept it. And finally a bill goes to the monarch to be signed. Only then it becomes law. Parliament is responsible for British national policy. Local governments are responsible for organizing of education, police and many others.
Политическая система Великобритании (2)
Объединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии является конституционной монархией. Это значит, что монарх является главой государства, но не управляет им. В Британии нет написанной конституции, но есть свод законов. Парламент — главный государственный орган Британии. Он состоит из трех частей: Монарх, Палата Лордов и Палата Общин. Палата Общин — фактически единственный государственный орган, обладающий реальной властью. Монарх формально является главой государства. Монарх должен быть политически нейтрален и не должен принимать политических решений. В настоящее время королева Елизавета II. Она была коронована в Вестминстерском аббатстве в 1953 г. Палата Общин состоит из парламентариев. Их 650. Они избираются тайным голосованием. Всеобщие выборы проходят каждые пять лет. Страна делится на 650 избирательных округов. Все граждане, достигшие возраста 18 лет, регистрируются в избирательном округе и имеют избирательные права. Но голосование в Британии не обязательно. Преступники и душевно больные не принимают участия в голосований. Благодаря британской избирательной системе в Британии существует мало политических партий. Основные это консервативная партия, лейбористская партия и либерально-социал-демократический альянс. Каждая политическая партия выдвигает одного кандидата от каждого избирательного округа. Тот, кто наберет большинство голосов, становится членом парламента от этого округа. Партия, которая получает большинство мест в парламенте, формирует правительство. Его лидер становится премьер-министром. Его главная задача — сформировать Кабинет министров. Премьер-министр обычно принимает политические решения с согласия Кабинета. Функции Палаты Общин — законотворчество и проверка деятельности правительства. Палату Общин возглавляет Спикер. Спикера назначает правительство. В Палате Лордов около 1200 пэров. Председательствует Лорд-канцлер. У палаты Лордов нет фактической власти. Она служит скорее консультативным советом. Именно в Палате Общин представляются и обсуждаются новые законопроекты. Если большинство членов палаты за принятие законопроекта, его направляют в Палату Лордов на обсуждение. Палата Лордов имеет право дважды отклонить новый законопроект. Но после двух отклонений она обязана принять его. Для окончательного подтверждения законопроект направляют монарху, который подписывает его. Только после этого законопроект становится законом. Парламент отвечает за британскую национальную политику. Муниципальные правительства отвечают за организацию образования, полиции и других.
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Political System of Great Britain
Date: 2014-12-22; view: 8
Political System of Great Britain (2)
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the sovereign reigns but does not rule.
Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws.
Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the … three which has true power.
The monarch serves formally as head of state. But the monarch is expected to be politically neutral and should not make political decisions.
The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. She was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953.
The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. There are 650 of them in the House of Commons. They are elected by secret ballot. General elections are held every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies. All citizens, aged 18 and registered in a constituency, have the right to vote. But voting is not compulsory in Britain. Only persons convicted of corrupt and certain mentally ill patients don’t take part in voting.
There are few political parties in Britain thanks to the British electoral system. The main ones are: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal / Social Democratic Alliance.
Each political party puts up one candidate for each constituency. The one who wins the most votes is elected MP for that area.
The party which wins the most seats in Parliament forms the Government. Its leader becomes the Prime Minister. His first job is to choose his Cabinet. The Prime Minister usually takes policy decisions with the agreement of the Cabinet.
The functions of the House of Commons are legislation and scrutiny of government activities. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker. The Speaker is appointed by the Government.
The House of Lords comprises about 1,200 peers. It is presided by the Lord Chancellor. The House of Lords has no real power. It acts rather as an advisory council.It’s in the House of Commons that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favour of a bill, it goes to the House of Lords to be debated. The House of Lords has the right to reject a new bill twice.
But after two rejections they are obliged to accept it. And finally a bill goes to the monarch to be signed. Only then it becomes law.
Parliament is responsible for British national policy. Local governments are responsible for organizing of education, police and many others.
Legislative power belongs to the parliament that is called "Verkhovna Rada." The deputies are elected by secret ballot all over the country. They have meetings when they discuss the problems of the country and new laws.
Ukrainian radio and television broadcast the meetings of Verkhovna Rada and everybody can learn what problems the deputies solve. Our people usually listen to the meetings of Verkhovna Rada. You can see and listen to radio sets, that are switched on, in many offices, in buses, in kitchens and many other places. They do not speak loudly and the people do their work and listen to the meetings. The leader of the Verkhovna Rada is called "Holova". He is elected by the deputies. Now the Holova is Alexander Alexandrovich Moroz.
Besides, there is a President too. He governs the country with the help of his administration and the Cabinet of Ministers headed by the Prime-Minister. The first president of Ukraine was Leonid Makarovych Kravchuke. Now Viktor Yanukovuch is the president of Ukraine. He is from Donetsk and we are proud the fact. In each region there is regional Rada. It governs the region.
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