Канада. Общие сведения. Текст на английском языке с переводом. Реферат на английском языке canada

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Canada

Canada is a North American country, washed by the Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic Oceans. It is the world’s second largest country by total area and it shares the longest land border in the worlds with the United States. All in all, Canada consists of ten provinces and three territories. The word Canada was first used by early European inhabitants, meaning “village” or “land”. The capital of the country is Ottawa, which is situated on the Ottawa River. It’s a beautiful city full of parks and bridges. Other major cities include Montreal, Quebec, Toronto, Vancouver, and Calgary.

Canada is a confederation with parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.­ Its parliamentary system includes the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The sovereign of the country is Queen Elizabeth II. She is also the head of 15 other Commonwealth countries. The independence of Canada was proclaimed on July 1, 1867. There are two official languages in the country: English and French. Both these languages are used at the federal level. Canada is considered to be one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world with a population over 35 million people, including immigrants. The economy of the country is rather advanced and depends on abundant natural resources, as well as on well-developed trade networks.

The climate of Canada varies from part to part. It’s temperate in the south and arctic in the north. The majority of population inhabits the southern part of the country. Vast areas of the north are poorly inhabited. Winters in Canada can be rather harsh, especially in Prairie territories, where a continental climate is mixed with severe wind chills. The highest point in the country is Mount Logan of almost 6000 meters height. The greatest rivers in the country include the Saint Lawrence River, Ottawa, Saguenay and the Saint John River.

Canada is certainly one of the most interesting countries with its numerous landmarks and traditions. The wonders of Canada are not only natural, but also architectural, cultural and historic. Speaking about natural sights it’s necessary to mention the Great Lakes, the Niagara Falls and the Agawa Canyon area. Perhaps, the most beautiful architectural sights include the City Hall in Toronto and the Tower of Peace in Ottawa. Among the most prominent historic and cultural attractions we can outline the Canadian War Museum, the Fortress of Louisbourg, the Quebec Citadel and many others.

Most Canadian holidays and traditions match with those in other English-speaking countries, although each province or territory may have its own distinct holiday. Major Christian holidays are Christmas and Easter. They are celebrated nationwide. Other traditional celebrations include Valentine’s Day, Halloween, Thanksgiving, Saint Patrick’s Day, and some others.

Канада

Канада является североамериканской страной, которая омывается водами Атлантического, Тихого и Северного Ледовитого океанов. Это вторая в мире страна по занимаемой площади и она разделяет самую длинную сухопутную границу в мире с Соединенными Штатами. В целом, Канада состоит из десяти провинций и трех территорий. Слово Канада было впервые использовано ране европейскими поселенцами и означало «деревня» или «земля». Столица страны город Оттава, расположенный на реке Оттава. Это красивый город, изобилующий парками и мостами. К другим значимым городам относятся Монреаль, Квебек, Торонто, Ванкувер и Калгари.

Канада является конфедерацией с парламентской демократией и конституционной монархией. Её парламентская система включает в себя исполнительную, законодательную и судебную ветви. Монархом страны является королева Елизавета II. Она также глава 15 других стран Содружества. Независимость Канады была провозглашена 1 июля 1867 года. В стране есть два официальных языка: английский и французский. Оба эти языка используются на федеральном уровне. Канада считается одним из самых этнически разнообразных стран в мире с населением более 35 миллионов человек, включая иммигрантов. Экономика страны довольно продвинута и зависит от богатых природных ресурсов, а также от хорошо развитых торговых связей.

Климат Канады варьируется от области к области. Он умеренный на юге и арктический на севере. Большая часть населения обитает в южной части страны. Обширные районы на севере слабо заселены людьми. Зимы в Канаде могут быть довольно жесткими, особенно в степных районах, где континентальный климат смешивается с сильными порывистыми ветрами. Самая высокая точка страны – гора Логан, высотой почти 6000 метров. К крупнейшим рекам в стране относятся река Св. Лаврентия, Оттава, Сагеней и Сент-Джон.

Канада, безусловно, одна из самых интересных стран с многочисленными достопримечательностями и традициями. Достопримечательности Канады не только природного характера, но и архитектурные, культурные, а также исторические. Говоря о природных достопримечательностях, нужно упомянуть Великие озера, Ниагарский водопад и область Каньона Агава. Возможно, самые красивые архитектурные достопримечательности это Сити-Холл в Торонто и Башня Мира в Оттаве. Среди наиболее известных исторических и культурных достопримечательностей можно выделить Канадский военный музей, крепость Луисбург, Квебекскую Крепость и многие другие.

Большинство канадских праздников и традиций совпадает с другими англо-говорящими странами, хотя каждая провинция или территория может иметь свой ​​собственный праздник. Основными христианскими праздниками являются Рождество и Пасха. Их празднуют по всей стране. К другим традиционным празднованиям относятся День святого Валентина, Хэллоуин, День благодарения, День Святого Патрика и другие.

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Реферат - Canada 2 - На английском языке

Canada – Of The United States Of America Essay, Research Paper

CANADA – OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

The Canadian identity has always been difficult to define. We, as Canadians, have continued to define

ourselves by reference to what we are not – American – rather than in terms of our own national history and

tradition. This is ironic since the United States is continuing to be allowed by Canadians to take over our economy

and literally buy our country. Culturally Canada has its own distinct government and institutions which differ and

are better from those in the United States, but economically the country has been all but sold out to America. The

major cultural differences to be examined are that of Canada?s strong government, institutions such as welfare and

universal healthcare, and our profound respect for law and authority. These establishments make Canada a

separate nation from the USA. Economically, it will be examined how Canada has become a victim to

Americanization through the purchase of Canada with our own money, the shocking statistics of Canada?s foreign

ownership, and the final payment for our country, free trade. All in all we have our own government, our own

flag, our own anthem; but are we really Canadian or a not quite United State of America?

In Canada, strong government involvement plays an immense role in determining the destiny of its

people for the good of the society.

In Canada you are reminded of the government every day. It parades before you. It is

not content to be the servant, but will be the master…

Henry David Thoreau, 18861

Although slightly outdated, as of 1982 47.3 percent of Canada?s GNP was in government hands, compared with

38% in the United States. Government spending in Canada was 24.4% greater than in the U.S. and if you subtract

the U.S.?s excessive national defense spending, the gap between the two countries considerable widens.2 The

United States has adopted a more Freudian ?survival of the fittest? concept towards government where the rights of

the individual are predominant and industry is publicly owned and run with little help from the government.

Although there is some government control and ownership of industry in both countries it is much more common

in Canada where ?the state has always dominated and shaped the … economy.?3

Of 400 top industrial firms, 25 were controlled by federal or provincial governments.

Of the top 50 industrialists, all ranked by sales, 7 were either wholly owned or

controlled by the federal or provincial governments. For financial institutions, 9 of

the top 25 were federally or provincially owned or controlled ….4

Also, Canadian subsidies to business and employment in public enterprise were five times the level in the U.S.

Government involvement is a crutial part of the distinctness of our Canadian identity.

Similar variations occur with respect to Canada?s welfare policies. They are clearly implemented for the

good of the society, giving aid to any citizen in need. This system is considered superior to that of the United

States where some people have no source of income whatsoever and no chance to claim welfare. Welfare policies

have generally been adopted earlier in Canada and tend to be ?more advanced in terms of program development,

coverage, and benefits?.5 Another advanced Canadian institution is that of Canada?s famous universal health care

system. Although it is a complex system its highlights consist of: government run, non profit insurance plan that

uses public funds to pay for a private, comprehensive system.6 The concept of the program being universal means

that the service is available to all Canadians regardless of income. This system has been said by many to be

Canada?s most successful and popular program globally. It also separates us from the misconception that we are

similar to Americans.

Perhaps as important for our national identity, the Canadian approach to health

insurance also clearly distinguishes us from the United States. The fact that we have

developed such a different system suggests that we really are a separate people, with

different political and cultural values. Even better our system works well while the

American alternative does not.7

In the U.S. there are forty million people, more than the entire population of Canada, who have no health

insurance.8 And even the best medical insurance plan in the U.S.A. only covers 31.5% of expenses.9 Moreover,

the Canadian systems costs are well below that of the U.S. and have produced lower infant mortality rates and

longer life expectancy.

In 1986, average out-of-pocket expenditures for health care were $1135 per household

in the United States, and $446(US) in Canada. For hospitals and physicians American

households paid $346, Canadians paid $33.10

It is clear that the Canadian universal system of health care is by far superior to the U.S. system. This

may also be said true for Canadian?s superior respect for law and authority. Canada?s fathers of confederation

stressed a great Canadian motto of ?Peace, Order, and Good Government? which implies control of, and

protection for the society. The parallel motto developed by America?s founding fathers is ?life, liberty and the

pursuit of happiness?, this model suggests the upholding of the rights of the individual. Due to the Canadian

motto being geared towards the rights and obligations of the community ?the crime control model …. emphasizes

the maintenance of law and order, and is less protective of the rights of the accused and of individuals

generally?.11 Due to the American ?s stress on the rights of the individual ?there is a greater propensity to

redefine or ignore the rules …. (there is) greater lawlessness and corruption in the United States?.12 For example,

in 1987 the murder rate in Canada was 2.5 per 100,000 population; for the U.S. it was 8.3. In the U.S. last year,

every 17 seconds a violent crime was committed; a rape every 5 minutes, a murder every 23 minutes, an assault

every 51 seconds. Also, because it is a constitutional right for an American to own a gun, every day 15 children

aged 19 and under are killed with guns, it is the leading cause of death for people between ages of 15 and 24.

Licensed firearm dealers sell an estimated 7.5 million guns a year including 3.5 million handguns.13 In Canada

?ownership of offensive weapons or guns is considered a privilege, not a right?.14 And 83.3 of Canadians show

support for a law which would require a person to obtain a police permit to purchase a gun. Even though a

representative of the Canadian Justice department is quoted as saying ?it is almost impossible to get a permit to

carry a handgun?.15 Though in the U.S.A. a handgun can be purchased in less than 24 hours.

In 1992 handguns were used to murder 36 people in Sweden, 97 in Switzerland, 60 in Japan,

128 in Canada, 33 in Great Britain, 13 in Australia and 13,495 in the United States; God Bless

America!16

Again, a major Canadian system has proven itself superior to its American counterpart. It is surprising that

Canada?s most important social institutions are far superior to those of the U.S.A. although it is well known that

the U.N. (United Nations) has chosen Canada as the best place to live in the world two years running. These

successful institutions promote Canada?s cultural identity for they can be used as models to countries around the

globe.

Americans should not underestimate the constant pressure on Canada which the mere

presence of the United States has produced. We?re different people from you and

we?re different people because of you …. living next to you is in some ways like

sleeping with an elephant. No matter how friendly and even tempered the beast, if I

can call it that, one is affected by every twitch and grunt …. It should not therefore be

expected that this kind of nation, this Canada, should project itself …. as a mirror

image of the United States.

Pierre Trudeau (1969)17

Culturally, Canadians are Canadians but economically Canadians are Americans. Ever since the end of

World War I the U.S. cleverly began to purchase our country. Through foreign investment ?the Americans

accumulated Canada at the unbelievable rate of a billion dollars worth yearly?18 from 1955 onward. Not only

were they buying out Canada but they were doing it with Canadian money. The way that they did this is through

trade profits, for instance: Just before World War II the U.S.A. was buying goods off of us at a rate of $35 per

Canadian, we were buying goods off them at $50 per Canadian. The difference comes to $15 per Canadian per

year in the American?s favour. Our population was 11 million at this time therefore this trade deficit translates

into a profit of $165,000,000 in the American?s favour, per year, at a $15 trade deficit, with an 11 million

population ($15 x 11mil. = 165mil.).19

In 1947 our trade with the United States reach such proportions that it was draining

from us the amazing total of $70 per person per year20

In the 10 years from 1947 to 1957 Americans bought $20 billion worth of goods from us (figures are rounded),

they sold us $27 billion worth. In other words, we handed the United States seven billion dollars. And that same

figure (seven billions) happens to be almost exactly the amount of money the Americans ?invested in Canada? in

the years 1947 – 1957. In other words:

In 10 years American financiers took from the Canadian people seven billion dollars,

and during that very same period they used our seven billion dollars to buy up a large

portion of our country21

This did not only happen between 1947 and 1957 but if you research any year in modern trading history between

Canada and the United States you will come to the same conclusion (except the figures keep growing and growing

as time progresses).

Due mostly to the Americans purchasing our country ?Canada is already the most foreign-dominated of

any industrialized country in the world?.22 100% of the tobacco industry, 98%of the rubber industry, 92% of the

automotive industry, 84% of transportation, 78% of electrical apparatus industry, 78% of the petroleum and coal

industry, 76% of the chemical industry, and 75% of heavy manufacturing are foreign owned, mostly American.23

This foreign takeover has turned Canada into a branch plant economy where parent companies in the U.S. make

decisions concerning Canadian companies and Canadians rarely have the ability to reach top management

positions. This current situation ?erodes Canadian sovereignty and diminishes Canadian independence? it is also a

?threat to our power to implement decisions within our own borders – a threat no less real, though more subtle, that

if a division of Marines were marching across our border.?24 Another way of describing Canada?s branch plant

economy is to call it a new form of mercantilism. We are just a colony of the United States and we are acting for

the betterment of the Mother country.

We are the servants of a new mercantilism. The foreign subsidiary in Canada clearly

exists to further the interests of the parent corporation, whose home country in most

cases is the United States. The hinterlands – like Canada – are to supply the

corporations with raw materials, and organize the disposition of subsequent consumer

capital goods25

Although foreign ownership creates jobs for Canadians, it does not create the top jobs, nor does it promote

economic progress or even prosperity. It actually costs Canada $35 billion each and every year in revenue taken

out of the country.26 ?Americans have drained from Canada more wealth than they have hauled out of all other

countries combined?.. And the government is still allowing more and more foreign investment. ?No other country

seems prepared to tolerate so high a degree of foreign ownership as exists in Canada?.27 And now, with

free-trade, it has become even easier for America to control Canada and exploit it for all America?s wants and

needs.

New Democratic party leader, Edward Broadbent, referring to Brian Mulrony and free-trade between

Canada and the United States said ?I can tell you that for the first time in the history of Canada, we have a man

who is Prime Minister who has, without even being asked, volunteered Canada to be the 51st state in the United

States ….?28 This is essentially what free-trade meant for Canada. John A. MacDonald had called free-trade

?veiled treason?, and for 125 years prominent Canadian figures warned fellow Canadians that ?without an

economic border we soon would not have a political border either?.29 The best way to describe free-trade is to

quote some of John Turner?s detailed and moving speech delivered in the House of Commons.

Mr. Speaker, we are here today to discuss one of the most devastating pieces of

legislation ever brought before the House of Commons…a bill which will finish

Canada as we know it and replace it with a Canada that will become nothing more

than a colony of the United States. In this bill…we find that Canadians can be fined,

even imprisoned for contravening American law….Why are we now being forced to

give hasy approval to legislation which represents the largest sell-out of our

sovereignty since we became a nation in 1867?…We have given up control of our

capital markets…This deal sells out our energy, the life blood of this country…The

National Energy Board becomes nothing more than a monitoring agency…it is

Washington that is taking control of our energy resources…With this deal we have

succeeded in the fulfilment of the American Dream! Fifty-four Forty, or Fight!

Manifest Destiny! At long last they found a Government in Ottawa dumb enough,

stupid enough, patsies so craven in the face of American demands that they just caved

in to every request made of them…I say to the people of Canada that this is not a

trade deal. This is ?the Sale of Canada Act…?30

When free trade was finally implicated into the Canadian society, the first three years cost 1.4 million jobs. Archie

McLean, Vice President of McCain?s Foods, testified that 100,000 to 150,000 jobs would be lost directly from free

trade in his company alone. By September 1992, Canada had the highest number of unemployed in its history.

B.C. millionaire Jim Patterson said: ?We?re taking everything we?ve go and pushing it into the United States… I

keep telling our people to forget the border – it doesn?t exist anymore?.31 Free trade was obviously a bad deal for

Canada and should have been obvious when it was laid on the table. Even the American public knew what they

were getting when they obtained the free trade agreement. An American economic forecaster, Marvin Cetron,

wrote in his 1990 bestselling book, American Renaissance: Our Life at the Turn of the Century:

Once the free-trade agreement with the United States takes full effect, the next logical

step will be to accept politically what has already happened economically – the

integration of Canada into the United States32

In conclusion, it is evident that Canada is different form the United States within its government and

institutions and, in most cases, have a superior system, but economically Canada is owned and dominated by

America. Benjamin Franklin once said that ?the man who would trade independence for security deserves

neither.?33 Canada is slowly voulenteering for the American vision of Manifest Destiny where not one gun has to

be fired. Ex Prime Minister John Diefenbaker expressed his opinion by stating that ?We are a power, not a

puppet…I want Canada to ve in control of Canadian soil. Now if that?s an offence I want the people of Canada to

say so.?34 We must to several thing to break free from these restraints which ar upon us. First, though, we must

scrap free trade, control foreign ownership, and balance our trade with the enemy – the USA.

Canada has gone form being a colony of France, to being a colony of Britan, to being

a colony of the United States. It?s time now to become a nation.35

1. Berton, Pierre. Why we Act like Canadians. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1982.

2. Lamorie, Andrew. How they sold Our Canada to the U.S.A… Toronto: NC Press, 1976.

3. Lipset, Seymour M. North American Cultures. U.S.A.: Borderlands Project, 1990.

4. Nader, Ralph. Canada Firsts. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1992.

5. Orchard, David. The Fight for Canada. Toronto: Stoddart Publishing, 1993.

6. ?The center to prevent hand gun violence?.. National center for health statistics, 1994. Internet document.

7. ?The FBI Uniform Creme Reports?.. The Los Angeles Times, Nov. 19, 1995. Internet document.

8. The Star-Spangled Beaver. Ed. John H. Redekop. Toronto: Peter Martin, 1971.

9. Thomas, David. Canada and the United States, Differences that Count. Peterborough: Broadview Press, 1993.

Canada – of the United States of America

by: Mat Harrison

for: Mr. Harkins

HCN OA1

I.E. Weldon Secondary School

November 14, 1996

www.ronl.ru

Канада. Текст на английском языке с переводом

Канада является второй по величине страной в мире после России. Канада — страна огромных расстояний и богатой природной красоты. В Канаде самая длинная береговая линия. Семьдесят пять процентов побережья Канады находятся в Арктическом океане, а остальные — в Тихом и Атлантическом океанах. Хотя большая часть Канады состоит из лесов, она также имеет множество озер, гор, прерий и малонаселенных арктических районов. Канада известна своим обширным, нетронутым ландшафтом и своим многокультурным наследием.

Канада — общие сведения

Canada is the second largest country in the world after Russia. Canada is a land of vast distances and rich natural beauty. Canada has the longest coastline. Seventy-five percent of Canada’s coastline is on the Arctic ocean, with the remainder on the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Although most of Canada consists of forests, it also has many lakes, mountains, prairies and sparsely populated arctic areas. Canada is known for its vast, untouched landscape, and its multicultural heritage.

Канаде всего 150 лет, но это наиболее пригодная для жизни страна

Despite the fact that Canada has become a country only 150 years ago, it has earned respect on the international stage and is considered to be one of the wealthiest, least corrupt and most livable country on earth.

Несмотря на то, что Канада стала страной только 150 лет назад, она заслужила уважение на международной арене и считается одной из самых богатых, наименее коррумпированных и наиболее пригодных для жизни стран на земле.

Популяция

Canada has the population of about 34 million, most of them living within 200 km of the US-Canada border. Large areas further north are quite sparsely populated and some are nearly uninhabited wilderness.

В Канаде проживает около 34 миллионов человек, большинство из которых живут в пределах 200 км от границы между США и Канадой. Большие районы на севере довольно малонаселенные, а некоторые — почти необитаемые дикие места.

Политика

Queen Elizabeth remains the nominal head of state. Canada is a constitutional monarchy, but the roles of the Queen and her representatives are largely ceremonial. The Canadian parliament is based on the British Westminster system, with a lower House of Commons, and an upper Senate. The head of government is the Prime Minister. Each province has its own government.

Королева Елизавета остается номинальным главой государства. Канада является конституционной монархией, но роль Королевы и ее представителей в основном церемониальна. Канадский парламент основан на британской Вестминстерской системе, с нижней палатой общин и верхним сенатом. Глава правительства — премьер-министр. У каждой провинции есть свое правительство.

Языки

English and French are two official languages in Canada. Over 20% of Canadians (mostly in Quebec) speak French as a first language.Although many immigrants and Canada’s native peoples can speak their own languages. All services are required by law to be available in both official languages.Canada is very much a multicultural country, especially in the main cities. Immigrants have come from all over the world, and many cities have whole districts dominated by specific immigrant groups, such as Chinatown, Little Italy and so on.

Английский и французский языки — два официальных языка в Канаде. Более 20% канадцев (в основном в Квебеке) говорят на своем родном французском языке. Хотя многие иммигранты и коренные народы Канады могут говорить на своих языках. Все услуги по закону должны быть доступны на обоих официальных языках.Канада — очень многонациональная страна, особенно в основных городах. Иммигранты приехали со всего мира, и во многих городах есть целые районы, в которых доминируют конкретные иммигрантские группы, такие как Китайский квартал, Маленькая Италия и так далее.

Столица Канады

There are many beautiful modern cities in Canada, each of them is special and attractive to tourists. Ottawa is a Canada’s capital, this city has many national government monuments like Parliament Hill, many major museums like the National Gallery, cool urban districts like the ByWard Market, and great old architecture.

В Канаде много прекрасных современных городов, каждый из которых является особенным и привлекательным для туристов. Оттава — столица Канады. В этом городе много национальных правительственных памятников, таких как Парламент Хилл, многие крупные музеи, такие как Национальная галерея, прохладные городские кварталы, такие как Байворд-маркет и старинная архитектура.

Читайте также статьи на английском о других странах и городах: Египет, Великобритания, Россия, ПрагаИсточник: Wikivoyage

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Тема по английскому языку Канада Топик — Topic Canada

 Перевод темы по английскому языку «Канада«:

Канада расположена в северной части Северной Америки. Она омывается Атлантическим, Тихим и Северным Ледовитым океанами, заливом Баффина и проливом Дэвиса. Она граничит с США на юге и севере. Население Канады составляет около 31 миллиона человек, 80% которого живет в маленьких и крупных городах в южной  части страны. Канада – вторая крупнейшая страна в мире после России. Территория Канады состоит из многих островов, самыми известными из которых являются канадские Арктические острова. Столица Канады – Оттава.

В Канаде два официальных языка: английский и французский. На последнем разговаривают 23% жителей. Большинство людей французского происхождения проживают в Квебеке, Онтарио и Новом Брансвике. Они поддерживают свою культуру и традиции.

Климат страны варьируется от умеренного на юге до субарктического и арктического на севере. Имея потенциально активные вулканы, такие как гора Мига, гора Гарибальди, гора Кайли и вулканический комплекс Эдзиза, Канада испытывает частые землетрясения.

Канада состоит из 10 провинций и 3 территорий и управляется как парламентская демократия и конституционная монархия.

Канада – промышленная нация с высоко развитыми научным и технологичным сектором. Она обладает 18 Нобелевскими лауреатами в физике, химии и медицине. Канада – одна из крупнейших в мире поставщиков сельскохозяйственных культур, таких как пшено, канола  и другие. Эта страна является значимым источником природных ресурсов: цинка, урана, золота, алюминия и свинца. Среди главных направлений промышленности страны можно выделить автомобильную и аэрокосмическую, сосредоточенные, в основном, в Онтарио и Квебеке.

Стоит отметить, что Канада – одна из самых высокоразвитых и богатых стран в мире.

Скачать эту уникальную тему на английском языке можно прямо сейчас:

Canada is situated in the north part of Northern America. It is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean, the Baffin Bay and the Davis Straight. It borders on the USA in the south and in the north. The population of the country is about 31 million people, 80 per cent of which live in towns and cities in the southern areas. Canada is the second largest country in the world after Russia. The territory of the country includes lots of islands, most known of which is the Canadian Arctic Islands. The capital of Canada is Ottawa.

There are two official languages in Canada: English and French. The last is spoken by 23 per cent of inhabitants. The majority of the people of the French origin live in Quebec, Ontario and New Brunswick. They maintain their own culture and traditions.

The climate of the country varies from temperate in the south to subarctic and arctic in the north. Canada is geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, such as Mount Meager, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex.

Canada consists of ten provinces and three territories and is governed as parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.

Canada is an industrial nation with a highly developed science and technology sector. It has 18 Nobel Laureates in physics, chemistry and medicine. Canada is also one of the world’s largest suppliers of agricultural products such as wheat, canola and other grains. The country is a major source of natural resources: zinc, uranium, gold, aluminium and lead. Among the country’s main industries are automobiles and aeronautics, concentrated mostly in Ontario and Quebec.

It is worth saying that Canada is one of the most highly developed and wealthiest countries in the world.

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Реферат - Canada 2 Essay Research Paper Canada is

Canada 2 Essay, Research Paper

Canada is a country full of excitement and interesting information. There is a poulation of over 20,004,000 in Canada. Seventy out of every hundred canadians live in cities or other communities of more than 1,000 people. About 45% of the canadian people live in metropolitian areas. Canada’s family life is very similar to that of American life. The typical family consists of 3 or 4 members. Canadians earn a little less money than do Americans, but they have about the same standard of living. There are two official languages in Canada; English and French. Both languages appear on money, stamps, and are spoken within the Canadian parliament. Sports in Canada are also very popular. hockey is often called Canada’s official game. Other popular sports in Canada include baseball, football, and lacrosse.

Canada is located at approximately degrees longitude and degrees latitude. The country covers about two-fifths of North America. The country is slightly larger than its only boardering country, United States of America. The country is also boardered by the North Atlantic Ocean, North Pacific Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. Canada is a country rich with beautiful forests and scenic fresh-water lakesand rivers. The highest mountain is Mount Logan in the Yukon Territory. The towering mountain is over 19,800 feet above sea level.Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake are both located in The Northwest Territories. Running north off of the Great Slave Lake is the spacius Mackenzie River. Another great river is the St. Lawerence River. The St. Lawerence river is located just above the border of the United States in Quebec. On the border between Canada and the United States is a pair of waterfalls known as Niagra Falls. Together they are over a half a mile wide. The waterfalls fall at a rate of 195,000 cubic feet per second. Canadian coast is extremely irregular, with large bays, peninsulas, and numerous islands, in addition to the Arctic Archipelago. Canada has more lakes and inland waters than any other country in the world. Canada contains five major land regions. The Canadian Shield, granite sparsely covered with soil, extends across most of eastern and northern Canada. The Appalachian region, consisting of a coastal plain, hills, and low mountains, edges southeastern Canada. The fertile Great Lakes-Saint Lawrence lowlands makes southern Qu bec and Ontario. The western Interior Plains region, an extension of the Great Plains of the United States, contains the most fertile soil in Canada. The westernmost region, the Cordillera, includes the Canadian Rockies, the Coast Mountains, and a vast plateau region.

Canada consists of 10 provinces Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia and two territories the Yukon Territory and the Northwest Territories. A new Inuit-controlled territory, Nunavut, made up from the eastern portion of the Northwest Territories. Canada’s capital is Ottawa and its largest city is Toronto. Other important cities include Montreal, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Winnipeg, Hamilton, and Quebec.

Manufacturing accounts for almost three-fourths of the value of all goods produced in Canada. The manufacturing of pulp and paper are Canada’s leading industries. Over forty percent of the world’s total newsprint is produced in Canada. Over eighty-five percent of the newsprint in the United States comes from Canada, The largest mills are in British Columbia, Newfoundland, Ontario, and Quebec.

Agriculture is also very important to Canada. Canada is one of the world’s leading producers of barley, flaxseed, oats and wheats. But the country’s most valuable farm products come from its dairy cattle and livestock. Canada is a fortunate country for having such a rich abundance of agricultural and manufactural resources.

The head of state in Canada is the British monarch. The official head of government is the governor-general, who is appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of Canada’s prime minister. The governor-general follows the advice of the majority in the House of Commons in appointing the prime minister, who is the effective head of government. The Canadian federal government has authority in all matters not specifically reserved to the provincial governments. The provincial governments have power in the fields of property, civil rights, education, and local

government. They may impose only direct taxes. The federal government may veto any provincial law. Power on the federal level is exercised by the Canadian Parliament and the cabinet of ministers, headed by the prime minister. Canada has an independent judiciary; the highest court is the Supreme Court, with nine members.

Each province has its own parliament. The Parliament consists of two houses: the Senate and the House of Commons. There are a maximum of 112 senators, apportioned among the provinces and appointed by the governor general upon the advice of the prime minister. Senators may serve until age 75, before 1965, they had served for life. Members of the House of Commons are elected, largely from single-member constituencies. The 35th Parliament, elected in October, 1993, has 295 members. Elections must be held at least every five years. The Commons may be concluded and new elections held at the request of the prime minister. There are three main political parties: the Progressive Conservative (or Conservative) party, the Liberal party, and the New Democratic party.

Religion plays an important role in Canada, both architectually and spiritually. Many towns were built around amazing Roman Catholic churches. The churches are among the oldest and most beautiful structures in Canada. There are more than 8,400,000 canadians whom are catholic. The Roman Catholic faith was brought to Canada by the early French settlers. Most other Canadians are protestant. The United Church of Canada is the largest Protestant group holding over 3,660,000 members.

I enjoyed researching information on Canada. I’ve learned considerable amount of information on Canada. Canada is a beautiful country with even more beautiful people. I hope to travel there in the future and put to use my newly aquired knowledge. Canadian culture combine elements of British, French, American and native traditions, with contributions from other groups as well. Canada has all the cultural institutions of a prosperous, modern nation.

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Английский ( Топики/Сочинения ): Canada - Канада (1)

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Canada (1)

   Canada is the second largest country in the world. Only Russia has a greater land area. Canada is situated in North America. Canada is slightly larger than the United States, but has only about a tenth as many people. About 28 million people live in Canada. About 80 % of the population live within 320 km of the southern border. Much of the rest of Canada is uninhabited or thinly populated because of severe natural conditions.   Canada is a federation of 10 provinces and 2 territories. Canada is an independent nation. But according to the Constitution Act of 1982 British Monarch, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is recognized as Queen of Canada. This symbolizes the country's strong ties to Britain. Canada was ruled by Britain completely until 1867, when Canada gained control of its domestic affairs. Britain governed Canada's foreign affairs until 1931, when Canada gained full independence.   Canada's people are. varied. About 57 % of all Canadians have some English ancestry and about 32 % have some French ancestry. Both English and French are official languages of the country. French Canadians, most of whom live in the provinces of Quebec, have kept the language and customs of their ancestors. Other large ethnic groups are German, Irish and Scottish people. Native people—American Indians and Eskimos — make up about 2 % of the country's population." 77 % of Canada's people live in cities or towns. Toronto and Montreal are the largest urban areas. Ottawa is the capital of the country.   Today, maintaining a sense of community is one of the major problems in Canada because of differences among the provinces and territories. Many Canadians in western and eastern parts of the country feel that the federal government does not pay enough attention to their problems. 80 % of Quebec's population are French Canadians. Many of them believe that their province should recieve a special recognition in the Canadian constitution.

Канада (1)

   Канада — это вторая по величине страна в мире. Только Россия имеет большую площадь. Канада находится в Северной Америке. Канада немного больше Соединенных Штатов, однако в ней живет в десять раз меньше людей. В Канаде — около 28 миллионов жителей. Около 80 % населения живет в пределах 320 км от южной границы. Большая часть остальной территории Канады не заселена или мало заселена из-за суровых природных условий.   Канада является федерацией 10 провинций и 2 территорий. Канада — это независимое государство. Но согласно Конституционному акту 1982 года английская королева Елизавета II признана главой государства Канады. Это символизирует прочные связи страны с Британией. Британия правила Канадой вплоть до 1867 года, когда Канада получила контроль над своими внутренними делами. Британия управляла иностранными делами Канады до 1931 года, когда Канада получила полную независимость.   Население Канады разнообразно. Около 57 % канадцев имеют английское происхождение и около 32 % жителей — канадцы французского происхождения. Как английский, так и французский являются государственными языками страны.   Французские канадцы, большинство из которых живет в провинции Квебек, сохранили язык и обычаи своих предков. Другими большими этническими группами являются немцы, ирландцы и шотландцы. Коренные народы, американские индейцы и эскимосы, составляют около 2 % населения страны. 77 % населения Канады живет в больших и малых городах. Торонто и Монреаль — самые большие города. Оттава — столица страны.   Сегодня сохранение чувства общности является главной проблемой в Канаде из-за различий среди провинций и территорий. Многие канадцы в западных и восточных областях страны считают, что федеральное правительство не уделяет достаточно внимания их проблемам. 80 % населения Квебека — французские канадцы. Многие из них считают, что провинция должна получить специальное признание в канадской Конституции.

Questions:

1. Where is Canada situated?2. How many people live in Canada t3. Where do most Canadians live?4. Who is the head of state in Canada?5. When did Canada gain its independence?6. What are the official languages in Canada?7. What people live in Canada?8. What is the main problem facing Canada today?

Vocabulary:

land area — площадьpopulation — населениеborder — границаuninhabited — незаселенныйthinly populated — малонаселенныйsevere — суровыйnatural conditions — природные условияfederation — федерацияindependent — независимыйConstitution Act — Конституционный актBritish Monarch — английская королеваthe United Kingdom — Соединенное Королевствоto recognize — признаватьties — связиto rule — правитьdomestic affairs — внутренние делаto govern — управлятьforeign affairs — иностранные делаancestry — происхождениеofficial language — государственный языкcustom — обычайancestors — предкиIndians — индейцыto make up — составлятьurban — городскойcapital — столицаto maintain — сохранятьcommunity — общностьgovernment — правительствоto pay attention — уделять вниманиеrecognition — признание

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canada

Canada’s Educational System Essay, Research Paper

School is the best place for people to be educated. Everyone has to go through this stage in order to be knowledgeable, so they can be useful in society and solve any problems they encounter. Not only they are educated for themselves but also for their countries. Different countries have different systems on how to teach students. Canada’s educational system is a perfect and ideal way to ensure that students will live successful lives.

Canadian high school students study both compulsory and elective courses together. They pursue academic studies based on the achievement of credits. In the meantime, they take prerequisite courses that are related to their university studies. Hence, they know the basic fundamentals before getting in the universities. After completion of required number of credits, the universities take their averages and determine if they are qualified for the studies in universities that they choose. Even the students’ averages are low, they can still go to universities that don’t require high averages. Therefore, many students can easily study in this highest level of education. However, all courses are mandatory in Taiwan. High school students study the same courses together no matter what they plan to take in the universities, and thus it is hard for them to know what they are interested in. After graduation from high school, students have to write a major exam on all kinds of courses to achieve a score, which determines if they are satisfied for their chosen studies in the universities. Each year, there is a lot of

failure students from getting in the universities and they just quit and go for the jobs.

Human rights are very emphasized in Canada. Canada never has any corporal punishment in any levels of education. At school, teachers do not use any violence to punish students. They only warn impolite students verbally. Because in Canada, teachers have no rights to punish their students physically, and there not have been complaints about students get hurt in the school. But in Taiwan, corporal punishment at school is so common that almost no students have ever been exempted. From grade one through senior high school, the corporal punishment exists, and teachers are allowed to carry out the process of it. Students get punished if they do not achieve as what the teachers say to be “standard mark” on the assignments, tests or exams. There are reports about teachers that go beyond the proper limit by hurting the students badly, or sexually harassing them. Teachers are charged and go to courts. This is ironic that teachers are thought to be the most admired people in this country.

Students in Canada study in a way of comfort. They do not have much pressure from anyone. Parents do not force their children to do over the limitation on the children’s academic studies. In addition, school assignments are not much everyday, but they are very important and useful to finish. Upon completion of homework, students have leisure time; they like to have fun by watching movies or going out for outdoor activities on weekends to relax themselves. However, school is a very competitive place

in Taiwan. It can be described as a match between students. After school, most students take private tutoring to supplement regular schooling in order to get into higher level of education, for example, universities. Moreover, after they come back it is already late in the night. Then, studying until two or three o’clock, is something quite usual, and they only have a couple of hours to sleep because school starts early the next day. There has been news about students that could not stand such heavy works, and so they chose to quit it by committing suicide.

In conclusion, Canada and Taiwan have a lot of unlikeness on their academic studies. Those three differences mentioned above are which can be pointed out. But most importantly, Canada is a wonderful and relaxed place to study.

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